Hungary
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Danube flood

Short Description

In September 2024, the flood affected not only Hungary but also several Central European countries, as the Mediterranean cyclone named Boris caused heavy rainfall and flooding. In the Czech Republic, extraordinary flood protection measures were implemented, and flood defenses were constructed along the Vltava River in Prague. The situation was similarly critical in Poland, Slovakia, Austria, and Germany. Authorities everywhere prepared significant forces to handle the floods.

Detailed Description

On September 13, the National Technical Coordination Staff (OMIT) began its work, coordinating flood defense efforts, the necessary water management expert team, and the coordination of material and equipment requirements. Every morning, representatives from related organizations such as disaster management, the police, the military, and civil guards participated in meetings to coordinate aid efforts with water management experts.

The water management authorities organized and led operations along the state flood defense lines and provided professional coordinators to the 41 independently defending settlements. A total of 965 staff members were deployed by OMIT from other water management authorities to the flood-affected areas.

The highest number of participants on a single day in the flood defense efforts was 1,896 from water management organizations, more than 5,000 from partner organizations, and 2,700 civilian volunteers.

Temporary flood defenses were built along more than 40 kilometers in the country. Along the Danube, mobile flood protection walls were erected over 4.6 kilometers in areas where densely built parts of the city lacked sufficient space between residential areas and the river to construct earthen dikes. State flood defense lines, on the other hand, are generally not located in densely populated or urbanized areas.

In total, more than 2 million sandbags were distributed for flood defense: 1.9 million for municipalities and 100,000 for state flood defense lines. Around 95% of them were used. The sandbags were filled with 32,000 cubic meters of sand, which is approximately 55,000 tons.

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In the defense of Mosonmagyaróvár and surrounding areas, it was necessary to open the Lajta emergency reservoir. Thanks to this controlled and safe water discharge, they were able to protect not only the city and its residents but also significant industrial, service, commercial, educational, healthcare, recreational areas, and agricultural infrastructure.

The closure of the Mosoni-Duna mouth structure (also known as the floodgate) was able to keep the water level 130 cm lower during the peak flood in Győr, thus relieving the city’s defenses.

The Danube peaked at several locations: on September 19 at Nagybajcs during the day, on September 20 in Komárom in the early morning, in Esztergom during the day, in Nagymaros on the evening of September 20, and at Vác at night. In Budapest, the peak of 830 cm was measured on the early morning of September 21, and by the early afternoon of September 24, the river had receded below the first-level alert. The Danube peaked at Paks on September 22 during the day, in Baja on the evening of September 23, and finally on Tuesday during the day at Mohács, with water levels above the second-level threshold. On September 27, the flood wave officially left Hungary.

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